MS engineer Vinod Valloppillil, originally distributed within Microsoft on Aug 11, 1998 How to decommoditize a protocol There are six things you can do: * Make it more complex * Incompletely specify it * Fail to document it * Change it rapidly * Use encumbered intellectual property * Add value (i.e. solve more problems, better performance) Of these, only the last really makes the software more useful to users.